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The metals that form only one cation (only one possible charge) are those of group 1A and group 2A, as well as Al3+(group 3A) and two transition-metal ions: Ag+ (group 1B) and Zn2+ (group 2B). Figure 2.24 Procedure for naming anions. The name of the element farther to the left in the periodic table (closest to the metals) is usually written first. Among inorganic compounds we will consider three categories of substances: ionic compounds, molecular compounds, and acids. The procedures used for naming binary (two-element) molecular compounds are similar to those used for naming ionic compounds: 1. SAMPLE EXERCISE 2.11 Determining the Formula of an Oxyanion from Its Name, Based on the formula for the sulfate ion, predict the formula for (a) the selenate ion and (b) the selenite ion. : Na+ is a sodium ion, Zn+2 is a zinc ion, etc. Similarly, the formula for hydrogen sulfide is H2S because two H+ are needed to balance the charge on S2–. they have two elements. Search Search The following examples will demonstrate how this rule is applied in writing the formula of a compound: 1. Names and formulas of ionic compounds. Although this distinction is no longer pertinent, the classification between organic and inorganic compounds continues to be useful. Notice that C and N, both period 2 elements, have only three O atoms each, whereas the period 3 elements P, S, and Cl have four O atoms each. Start studying Chapter 6: Inorganic and Organic Compounds- Names and Formulas. Naming Inorganic Compounds Introduction . The substance on the right is Fe2O3, which contains Fe3+ ions. The formulas of the ions whose names end with -ite can be derived from those ending in -ate by removing an O atom. Names of ionic compounds consist of the cation name followed by the anion name: In the chemical formulas for aluminum nitrate and copper(II) perchlorate, parentheses followed by the appropriate subscript are used because the compounds contain two or more polyatomic ions. Thus, the SO42– ion requires two H+ ions, forming H2SO4. Currently, there are over 20 million known chemical compounds. This online quiz is intended to give you extra practice in naming compounds, writing formulas and calculating molar masses (formula weights). The rules for chemical nomenclature are based on the division of substances into categories. Inorganic Acid Names and Formulae Introductory Chemistry Tutorial Key Concepts. An exception occurs when the compound contains oxygen and chlorine, bromine, or iodine (any halogen except fluorine), in which case oxygen is written last. Name the acids (a) HCN, (b) HNO3, (c) H2SO4, (d) H2SO3. Because this ion has an -ide ending, the acid is given a hydro- prefix and an -ic ending: hydrocyanic acid. (d) Because SO32– is the sulfite ion, H2SO3 is sulfurous acid (the -ite ending of the anion is replaced with an -ous ending). When the prefix ends in a or o and the name of the second element begins with a vowel, the a or o of the prefix is often dropped. Thus, you can predict that the substance named hydrogen chloride has the formula HCl, containing one H+ to balance the charge of one Cl–. b. For most substances, however, we rely on a set of rules that leads to an informative and unique name for each substance, a name based on the composition of the substance. Notice the location of the monatomic ions in the periodic table. The pure compound, which is a gas under normal conditions, is called hydrogen cyanide. b. Thus, the formula for the selenite ion is SeO32–. Naming them all would be a hopelessly complicated task if each had a name independent of all others. 2. Two ClO4– ions are required to balance the charge on one Ni2+ ion, giving Ni(ClO4)2. The same prefixes are applied to indicate the quantities of cation or anion atoms. Write the formula for potassium bromide. �)���:n��y`��(k�u�.��q���!&l����Q*��TN}��PF~Ҷ��-Ĉ��)J�w���^���:Q�;=�kRz���d��(��lӑ ��V&��vc�I�%8��VA[��^f��:���Mu[*�&*R�[�*�ºo�vH�w*��0������[�ܼG?i�{.�{^$�%���N�M;�-O*e/��ɶ��oJp��{y*� W�.F����2��l��O����G_�gT��$*(I���;O��˾�_��m��%Sx})'�|�o�4@RbBOޒ�*;5iNg(���5�b{:���?��+�'�/&]��*k�$�JM�����f���� Give the chemical formulas for (a) silicon tetrabromide, (b) disulfur dichloride. Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds (KEY) CHEM 1A 1. ("naturalWidth"in a&&"naturalHeight"in a))return{};for(var d=0;a=c[d];++d){var e=a.getAttribute("data-pagespeed-url-hash");e&&(! (c) The nickel(II) ion is Ni2+. An older method for naming some of these ions uses the prefix bi-. Two HCO3– ions are needed to balance the positive charge of Ca2+, giving Ca(HCO3)2. In this section we consider the basic rules for naming three categories of inorganic compounds: ionic compounds, molecular compounds, and acids. Answers: (a) ammonium bromide, (b) chromium(III) oxide, (c) cobalt(II) nitrate, SAMPLE EXERCISE 2.13 Determining the Formulas of Ionic Compounds from Their Names. 9�B�����f�m(�[,��B7kB�?X���)v}������̡+X��0:7(c�`@J�6^d�@�f���-a�4�+�@3�G����r�h�{ �.u��˳�)����dj5���K �L{-j��d5����]ץ��>j��L�0�x�u}�4_e@C��`c@1�x�FH��@�NS��. FIGURE 2.25 can help you remember the charge and number of oxygen atoms in the various oxyanions. Give the chemical formulas for (a) magnesium sulfate, (b) silver sulfide, (c) lead(II) nitrate. The formula for the bromate ion is analogous to that for the chlorate ion. The system used in naming substances is called chemical nomenclature, from the Latin words nomen (name) and calare (to call). Beginning at the lower right inFigure 2.25, note that ionic charge increases from right to left, from 1– for CIO4– to 3– for PO43–. (b) The cation is Ba2+, the barium ion, and the anion is OH–, the hydroxide ion: barium hydroxide. (b) The ending -ite indicates an oxyanion with the same charge but one O atom fewer than the corresponding oxyanion that ends in -ate. a) +2 b) H2SO3 b) +4 c) SO2 c) +4 d) K2S2O4 d) +3 e) Al2S3 e) -2 f) BaS2O8 f) +7 2. Names and Formulas of Inorganic Compounds – IUPAC Rules as taught in “Introductory Chemistry: Concepts and Critical Thinking” Seventh Edition by Charles H. Corwin For this course, here are the classes and subclasses of inorganic compounds to know about: Early chemists associated organic compounds with plants and animals and inorganic compounds with the nonliving portion of our world. Examples of binary compounds: NaCl, CO2, NH3, P4O10 A binary ionic compound is an ionic compound in which one element present is a metal and the other element present is a non-metal. Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site. Formulas of Binary Inorganic Compounds . 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