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When guard cells absorb water, they swell, and the pores open. The four main categories of biomolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Structure and function of Biomolecules - 8 - STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF BIO-MOLECULES Table of contents 1. plants; animals; Microbes. Guard cells control the opening and closing of the stomatal pores. The guard cells determine whether or not the stomatal pores are open. Cells are made up of chemically reactive biomolecules, themselves built up from elements and atoms, which are the material substance of the universe.Living things have been highly selective in the combinations of the elements of which they are made. Guard cells are pairs of cells that surround stomata, which are small openings or pores in the leaf. Amazingly, cells are comprised almost entirely of just four basic types of molecules. Lipids 25 o Fatty Acids o Hormones derived from Fatty Acids The next sections describe the structures and functions of each of these basic building blocks. On StuDocu you find all the study guides, past exams and lecture notes for this course Example: Lignin, chitin are biomolecules present only in plants in plant cell wall. Not all the bio-molecules of plants are available in animals and vice-verse. Shown above is a cell surrounded by examples of these building block molecules. Chemistry of Cells - Biomolecules and Their Properties Cells may be described as chemical reaction vessels in miniature. Each nucleotide is a composite molecule formed by a) base- sugar- phosphate b) base- sugar- OH c) sugar-phosphate d) (base sugar phosphate)n 4. Water present in human body is a) 60-65% b) 70-75% c) 65-70% d) 75-80% 3. Proteins 13 o The Amino Acids o The Peptide bond o The Protein Conformation o The secondary structures: α-helix and β-sheet 3. While there are some special cases to be found, these four molecules make up the bulk of living bodies, and each plays an essential role in regulating the body's chemistry. Hence based on the availability they can be divided as those available in. LO4: Describe the normal eucaryotic cell ⦠Recognise and describe the structure and function of the major biomolecules. LO2: Describe and illustrate the differences between a procaryotic and a eucaryotic cell. biomolecules and cells subject notes jessica campbell foundations of biology evolution through natural selection charles darwin all life evolved from life . This video, as stated in the description, focuses on general functions of biomolecules. Since they are present in living things these building blocks are called biomolecules. 21. Foundational Concept 1: Biomolecules have unique properties that determine how they contribute to the structure and function of cells, and how they participate in the processes necessary to maintain life. 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